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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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022089
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02208900.032
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1990-09-17
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WORLD, Page 48JAMAICAOnce More, with ModerationSteering a new course, Michael Manley is returned to power
It is not given to many people to have a second chance to lead
a nation," observed Jamaica's fiery social democrat Michael Manley
last week. He said it with a nice touch of humility, but with
forgivable satisfaction as well, for he had just been given exactly
that. His People's National Party (PNP), which he led as Prime
Minister from 1972 to 1980, thrashed Prime Minister Edward Seaga's
Jamaica Labor Party by winning at least 44 of 60 parliamentary
seats. In a remarkable show of conciliation, the charismatic and
often feisty Manley called on party members to "take this victory
with dignity and humility," and paid tribute to the nation's
security forces for maintaining relative order during the election.
Although at least twelve people were killed in campaign violence,
this year's contest was considered peaceful compared with that of
1980, when more than 750 people died as heavily armed gangs roamed
the streets.
Manley's return was a resounding rejection of the conservative,
free-enterprise philosophy that had kept Seaga in power for eight
years and made him Ronald Reagan's closest ally -in the Caribbean.
Seaga, who consistently trailed Manley in the polls, had hoped to
win back voters by promising to expand social welfare programs and
build upon Jamaica's economic stability. He warned that a Manley
victory would plunge the country back into socialist chaos.
But Seaga's heavy cuts in health and education spending had
angered the poor. There was a growing consensus among Jamaicans
that the recovery had benefited mainly businessmen and the wealthy.
Under the party slogan of "We put people first," Manley succeeded
in portraying Seaga as a callous, autocratic Prime Minister
obsessed with computer figures and uninterested in his
constituents.
Manley himself cultivated a new image, different from the
radical ideologue of the '70s who alarmed the private business
sector, alienated Washington and scared away American tourists. His
trademark open-necked safari suit has been replaced by a sober,
dark blue business suit. Stressing pragmatism over idealism, he has
purged the left-wing fringe of the PNP, toned down his relationship
with Fidel Castro and reassured jittery business leaders with talk
of continued economic stability and the need for private
investment. "I think there are two types of people," he said,
"those who won't learn and those who try to learn. I try to learn
from experience, to re-evaluate myself, to learn from my mistakes."
Manley also wants a "new beginning" with the U.S. and plans to
visit Washington soon after taking office. The U.S., for its part,
is ready to reconsider relations with its old antagonist.
"Essentially what he stresses is that he wants to work
constructively with us," says a State Department official. "We'll
remain a bit skeptical until we see what policies he works up. But
right now we're willing to give him the benefit of the doubt."
That attitude is echoed by many Jamaicans. Says a prominent
pro-Seaga business leader: "We are realists. This is a pluralistic
society, and change after two terms is healthy."